{"id":10587,"date":"2026-09-04T12:01:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T12:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/twosides.info\/je-to-konec-pfas-v-obalech\/"},"modified":"2026-09-04T12:01:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T12:01:00","slug":"je-to-konec-pfas-v-obalech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/twosides.info\/cs\/je-to-konec-pfas-v-obalech\/","title":{"rendered":"Je to konec PFAS v obalech?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e1m pojem PFAS nic ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste se s nimi ji\u017e setkali. PFAS, co\u017e je zkratka pro per- a polyfluoroalkylov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou skupinu chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k v\u00fdrob\u011b produkt\u016f odoln\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di vod\u011b, oleji a mastnot\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00edky t\u011bmto vlastnostem se osv\u011bd\u010dily zejm\u00e9na v oblasti balen\u00ed potravin, kde pom\u00e1haj\u00ed pap\u00edru a kartonu odol\u00e1vat mastn\u00fdm nebo vlhk\u00fdm potravin\u00e1m. Probl\u00e9mem je, \u017ee mnoho PFAS je v \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b perzistentn\u00edch, co\u017e jim vyneslo p\u0159ezd\u00edvku \u201ev\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie\u201c. Nyn\u00ed nov\u00e1 omezen\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed budoucnost PFAS v obalov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, zat\u00edmco v\u011bdci a v\u00fdrobci hledaj\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak pap\u00edru zajistit stejn\u00e9 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pap\u00edr je p\u0159irozen\u011b sav\u00fd, co\u017e je obvykle jedna z jeho p\u0159ednost\u00ed, av\u0161ak v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b balen\u00ed potravin se to m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t probl\u00e9mem. Pap\u00edrov\u00e1 krabi\u010dka na j\u00eddlo s sebou nebo obal na potraviny mus\u00ed udr\u017eet sv\u016fj obsah, ani\u017e by nas\u00e1kly olejem, tukem nebo vlhkost\u00ed. L\u00e1tky PFAS se historicky pou\u017e\u00edvaly k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bari\u00e9ry mezi potravinami a pap\u00edrem, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e obaly z vl\u00e1knit\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f odol\u00e1valy l\u00e1tk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 by se do nich jinak vs\u00e1kly. Jejich \u00fa\u010dinnost je jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se l\u00e1tky PFAS ji\u017e des\u00edtky let pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pap\u00edrov\u00fdch a lepenkov\u00fdch obalech na potraviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obavy vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 to, co <em>se stane<\/em> s PFAS pot\u00e9, co spln\u00ed sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010del. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich jsou vysoce perzistentn\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se v \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed nerozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed snadno. N\u011bkter\u00e9 PFAS mohou tak\u00e9 z\u016fstat v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble, pokud jsou po\u017eity, a ur\u010dit\u00e9 l\u00e1tky z t\u00e9to skupiny byly spojov\u00e1ny se zdravotn\u00edmi riziky. PFAS tvo\u0159\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou a rozmanitou skupinu, tak\u017ee se tyto chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky nechovaj\u00ed v\u0161echny stejn\u011b. Jejich perzistence a \u0161irok\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ak vedly regula\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1ny k tomu, aby se mnohem d\u016fkladn\u011bji zab\u00fdvaly t\u00edm, kde se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed a jak lze omezit expozici t\u011bmto l\u00e1tk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tato pozornost se nyn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159ila i na obaly potravin v Evrop\u011b. Dne 12.<sup>th<\/sup> V srpnu 2026 vstoupily v platnost nov\u00e9 po\u017eadavky vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie o obalech a odpadech z obal\u016f (PPWR), co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee obaly p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed do styku s potravinami uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 na trh EU mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat stanoven\u00e9 limity pro PFAS. Pravidla se vztahuj\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00e9 koncentrace PFAS, v\u010detn\u011b limit\u016f pro jednotliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky i pro celkov\u00fd obsah PFAS. Obaly, kter\u00e9 byly uvedeny na trh ji\u017e p\u0159ed 12.<sup>th<\/sup> z srpna mohou z\u016fstat v ob\u011bhu, ale nov\u00e9 obaly ur\u010den\u00e9 pro styk s potravinami, kter\u00e9 budou uvedeny na trh EU po tomto datu, mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat dan\u00e9 po\u017eadavky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tato pravidla EU jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho \u00fasil\u00ed o omezen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek a v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se st\u00e1le projedn\u00e1v\u00e1 samostatn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd se PFAS zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm kontextu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V \u00fanoru 2026 zve\u0159ejnila britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed pl\u00e1n t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se PFAS, v n\u011bm\u017e stanovila, jak hodl\u00e1 zjistit, odkud PFAS poch\u00e1zej\u00ed, jak se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed v \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jak lze omezit dlouhodobou expozici t\u011bmto l\u00e1tk\u00e1m. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pl\u00e1nu je zejm\u00e9na testov\u00e1n\u00ed obal\u016f potravin, jako jsou s\u00e1\u010dky na popcorn do mikrovlnn\u00e9 trouby a krabice na pizzu, s c\u00edlem zjistit, kde se PFAS vyskytuj\u00ed, a na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto poznatk\u016f napl\u00e1novat dal\u0161\u00ed kroky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro v\u00fdrobce obal\u016f lze tuto v\u00fdzvu popsat pom\u011brn\u011b jednodu\u0161e: pokud ji\u017e nebude mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat PFAS, \u010d\u00edm je lze nahradit?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pap\u00edrov\u00e9 obaly bez PFAS nab\u00fdvaj\u00ed na v\u00fdznamu. V\u011bdci zkoumaj\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy a technologie, kter\u00e9 mohou pap\u00edru zajistit odolnost proti mastnot\u011b a vlhkosti bez pou\u017eit\u00ed fluorovan\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b materi\u00e1ly odvozen\u00e9 ze \u0161krobu, celul\u00f3zy, b\u00edlkovin, chitosanu a algin\u00e1t\u016f, stejn\u011b jako dal\u0161\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy na biologick\u00e9 b\u00e1zi a bari\u00e9rov\u00e9 technologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00edsto toho, aby se samotn\u00fd pap\u00edr zm\u011bnil na materi\u00e1l odpuzuj\u00edc\u00ed olej a vodu, lze na jeho povrch nan\u00e9st velmi tenkou ochrannou vrstvu. \u00dakolem je zajistit, aby tato vrstva fungovala dostate\u010dn\u011b dob\u0159e pro praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159i balen\u00ed potravin, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 aby byl materi\u00e1l snadno vyrobiteln\u00fd a v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vhodn\u00fd k recyklaci nebo kompostov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To, \u017ee v\u00fdrobek neobsahuje PFAS, je\u0161t\u011b automaticky neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee je udr\u017eiteln\u00fd. Pouh\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada PFAS jin\u00fdm povlakem nezaru\u010duje, \u017ee obal bude m\u00edt men\u0161\u00ed dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u00fdzkum alternativ k PFAS se proto nezab\u00fdv\u00e1 pouze t\u00edm, zda materi\u00e1l dok\u00e1\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit pronik\u00e1n\u00ed tuku. Zohled\u0148uje tak\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnost potravin, funk\u010dnost, n\u00e1klady a recyklovatelnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se o materi\u00e1ly na biologick\u00e9 b\u00e1zi projevuje tak velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum se zab\u00fdval polysacharidy, b\u00edlkovinami a vosky rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu jako mo\u017en\u00fdmi slo\u017ekami udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch obal\u016f na potraviny, a to vedle materi\u00e1l\u016f na b\u00e1zi celul\u00f3zy a dal\u0161\u00edch obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Tyto p\u0159\u00edstupy by mohly umo\u017enit, aby si pap\u00edrov\u00e9 obaly zachovaly svou u\u017eite\u010dnou vl\u00e1knitou strukturu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u00edskaly bari\u00e9rov\u00e9 vlastnosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro modern\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed v potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee st\u00e1le existuj\u00ed v\u00fdzvy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdkonu, n\u00e1klad\u016f a v\u00fdroby t\u011bchto materi\u00e1l\u016f ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odklon od PFAS nen\u00ed jen o hled\u00e1n\u00ed chemick\u00e9 n\u00e1hrady. Podn\u011bcuje to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed toho, jak se pap\u00edrov\u00e9 obaly na potraviny v\u016fbec navrhuj\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho, aby se spol\u00e9hali na vysoce perzistentn\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed vlastnosti pap\u00edru, se v\u00fdrobci a v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed t\u00edm, jak mohou vl\u00e1kna, povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy a bari\u00e9rov\u00e9 technologie vz\u00e1jemn\u011b spolupracovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neexistuje ani jedin\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by vyhovovalo v\u0161em typ\u016fm obal\u016f na potraviny. Pap\u00edrov\u00fd kel\u00edmek na k\u00e1vu, krabice na pizzu i obal na pe\u010divo mus\u00ed odol\u00e1vat r\u016fzn\u00fdm kombinac\u00edm tepla, vlhkosti a tuku. Rychl\u00fd rozvoj obal\u016f bez PFAS v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee se odv\u011btv\u00ed ji\u017e ub\u00edr\u00e1 sm\u011brem k \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1le alternativ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nov\u00e1 pravidla EU p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd miln\u00edk v tomto p\u0159echodn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee omezen\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se PFAS v obalech p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch do styku s potravinami ji\u017e vstoupila v platnost, tlak na v\u00fdvoj \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch alternativ ji\u017e nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 pouze v p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b na budouc\u00ed legislativu, ale p\u0159edstavuje bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdzvu v oblasti balen\u00ed, kterou je t\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zdroje<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/echa.europa.eu\/hot-topics\/perfluoroalkyl-chemicals-pfas\">https:\/\/echa.europa.eu\/hot-topics\/perfluoroalkyl-chemicals-pfas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/pfas-plan\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/pfas-plan<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2025\/40\/oj\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2025\/40\/oj<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0921344925003064\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0921344925003064<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e1m pojem PFAS nic ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste se s nimi ji\u017e setkali. PFAS, co\u017e je zkratka pro per- a polyfluoroalkylov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou skupinu chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k v\u00fdrob\u011b produkt\u016f odoln\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di vod\u011b, oleji a mastnot\u011b. D\u00edky t\u011bmto vlastnostem se osv\u011bd\u010dily zejm\u00e9na v oblasti balen\u00ed potravin, kde pom\u00e1haj\u00ed pap\u00edru a kartonu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10573,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Je to konec PFAS v obalech? - Two Sides<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/twosides.info\/cs\/je-to-konec-pfas-v-obalech\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Je to konec PFAS v obalech? - Two Sides\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e1m pojem PFAS nic ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste se s nimi ji\u017e setkali. PFAS, co\u017e je zkratka pro per- a polyfluoroalkylov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou skupinu chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k v\u00fdrob\u011b produkt\u016f odoln\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di vod\u011b, oleji a mastnot\u011b. 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