{"id":6088,"date":"2023-09-20T13:14:13","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T13:14:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/twosides.info\/mezinarodni-den-gramotnosti-vzdelavani-pomoci-tistenych-materialu-se-osvedcilo-jako-nejlepsi\/"},"modified":"2023-09-20T13:14:13","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T13:14:13","slug":"mezinarodni-den-gramotnosti-vzdelavani-pomoci-tistenych-materialu-se-osvedcilo-jako-nejlepsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/twosides.info\/cs\/mezinarodni-den-gramotnosti-vzdelavani-pomoci-tistenych-materialu-se-osvedcilo-jako-nejlepsi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti \u2013 Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f se osv\u011bd\u010dilo jako nejlep\u0161\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V m\u011bs\u00edci, kdy se slav\u00ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti, se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na v\u00fdhody vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se \u017e\u00e1ci a studenti v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch kategori\u00ed po cel\u00e9 zemi vrac\u00ed do t\u0159\u00edd a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch s\u00e1l\u016f, zes\u00edlila debata o tom, zda je pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 nebo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed forma. B\u011bhem uplynul\u00e9ho desetilet\u00ed mnoho \u0161kol, st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol a univerzit roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo nab\u00eddku online obsahu pro sv\u00e9 studenty, co\u017e pandemie je\u0161t\u011b urychlila. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee st\u00e1le v\u00edce studi\u00ed dokazuje, \u017ee ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 forma je pro porozum\u011bn\u00ed a zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed si l\u00e1tky vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, d\u00e1vaj\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 \u0161koly, u\u010ditel\u00e9 i studenti jasn\u011b p\u0159ednost peru a pap\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuto preferenci ned\u00e1vno podtrhlo rozhodnut\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2023\/sep\/11\/sweden-says-back-to-basics-schooling-works-on-paper\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho ministra \u0161kolstv\u00ed<\/a>, podle n\u011bho\u017e by se d\u011bti ve t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch m\u011bly odklonit od tablet\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a m\u00edsto toho se v\u011bnovat \u010dten\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch knih a psan\u00ed rukou pomoc\u00ed pera a pap\u00edru. \u0160v\u00e9dsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da pl\u00e1nuje j\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l a zcela ukon\u010dit digit\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fduku pro d\u011bti mlad\u0161\u00ed \u0161esti let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve sv\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed strategii digitalizace zem\u011b uvedl \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd Karolinsk\u00fd institut: \u201eExistuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroje sp\u00ed\u0161e naru\u0161uj\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed student\u016f, ne\u017e aby ho podporovaly. Jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee by se pozornost m\u011bla op\u011bt zam\u011b\u0159it na z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch u\u010debnic a odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed u\u010ditel\u016f, nikoli na z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z voln\u011b dostupn\u00fdch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch zdroj\u016f, jejich\u017e p\u0159esnost nebyla ov\u011b\u0159ena.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Argumenty ve prosp\u011bch v\u00fduky s vyu\u017eit\u00edm pap\u00edrov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento krok \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy ve prosp\u011bch ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f se op\u00edr\u00e1 o rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. V roce 2018 v\u011bdci z Izraele a \u0160pan\u011blska analyzovali 54 studi\u00ed zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00edce ne\u017e 171 000 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kter\u00e9 srovn\u00e1valy \u010dten\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch a ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch text\u016f. Zjistili, \u017ee porozum\u011bn\u00ed textu bylo celkov\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 \u010detli ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 texty ne\u017e digit\u00e1ln\u00ed.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podobn\u011b studie zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed miliony st\u0159edo\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f ve 36 zem\u00edch Organizace pro hospod\u00e1\u0159skou spolupr\u00e1ci a rozvoj (OECD) zjistila, \u017ee ti, kte\u0159\u00ed ve \u0161kole intenzivn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, \u201edosahuj\u00ed ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b u\u010debn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f mnohem hor\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f\u201c. Stejn\u00e1 studie tak\u00e9 odhalila, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edku (ve v\u011bku 9\u201310 let), \u201ekte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvali tablety ve v\u0161ech nebo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech hodin\u00e1ch, dosahovali v pr\u016fm\u011bru o 14 bod\u016f hor\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f ve \u010dten\u00ed ne\u017e ti, kte\u0159\u00ed je nikdy nepou\u017e\u00edvali \u2013 tento rozd\u00edl odpov\u00edd\u00e1 cel\u00e9 jedn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 \u00farovni\u201c.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bylo rovn\u011b\u017e prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee psan\u00ed na pap\u00edr p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky ne\u017e psan\u00ed na kl\u00e1vesnici. Studie z roku 2014 porovn\u00e1vala v\u00fdsledky student\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky zapisovali ru\u010dn\u011b, s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed si pozn\u00e1mky po\u0159izovali na notebooku. P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed student\u016f z p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch informac\u00ed jim bylo p\u0159ed testem umo\u017en\u011bno 10 minut si sv\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky prohl\u00e9dnout; \u201eti, kte\u0159\u00ed si pozn\u00e1mky zapisovali ru\u010dn\u011b, dos\u00e1hli lep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f jak u faktick\u00fdch, tak u koncep\u010dn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek\u201c.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zat\u00edmco debata o tom, zda je lep\u0161\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 nebo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed forma, pokra\u010duje, miliony mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed prost\u011b nemaj\u00ed na v\u00fdb\u011br, jak\u00e1 m\u00e9dia k u\u010den\u00ed pou\u017eij\u00ed, a Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam gramotnosti a u\u010den\u00ed. Tento den se kon\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed v roce 1967 a t\u00e9matem leto\u0161n\u00edho Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne gramotnosti je \u201ePodpora gramotnosti pro sv\u011bt v p\u0159echodn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed: Budov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f pro udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 a m\u00edrov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti\u201c, kter\u00e9 klade d\u016fraz na dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje \u010d. 4 v oblasti vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a celo\u017eivotn\u00edho u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159edstavuje gramotnost p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed probl\u00e9m. V\u00edce ne\u017e 244 milion\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 6\u201318 let nechod\u00ed do \u0161koly<sup>\u2074<\/sup>, zat\u00edmco 763 milion\u016f mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed a dosp\u011bl\u00fdch star\u0161\u00edch 15 let postr\u00e1d\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed gramotnostn\u00ed dovednosti.<sup>5<\/sup> Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti si klade za c\u00edl tato \u010d\u00edsla zlep\u0161it a zd\u016fraznit tak sv\u016fj v\u00fdznam p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed inkluzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, m\u00edrumilovn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm konference v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, slavnostn\u00edho p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed liter\u00e1rn\u00ed ceny a \u0159ady m\u00edstn\u00edch akc\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201ePokud je gramotnost v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm lidstva, pak je to v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed k\u0159ehk\u00e9,\u201c uvedla Audrey Azoulayov\u00e1, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editelka UNESCO. \u201eV\u017edy existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee dojde k zp\u011btn\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji. A\u0165 je tento Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou t\u00e9to skute\u010dnosti a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k uct\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed se zasazuj\u00ed o to, aby se v\u0161eobecn\u00e1 gramotnost stala realitou, a ne jen c\u00edlem.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace o Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm dni gramotnosti najdete na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/articles\/international-literacy-day-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.unesco.org\/en\/articles\/international-literacy-day-2023<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zdroje:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1747938X18300101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevyhazujte sv\u00e9 ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 knihy: Metaanal\u00fdza vlivu \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed na porozum\u011bn\u00ed textu, Delgado, Vargas, Ackerman, Salmeron, 2018<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/publications\/students-computers-and-learning-9789264239555-en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u017d\u00e1ci, po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a u\u010den\u00ed: Jak je propojit, OECD, 2015<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0956797614524581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pero je mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kl\u00e1vesnice: V\u00fdhody ru\u010dn\u00edho psan\u00ed oproti psan\u00ed pozn\u00e1mek na notebooku, Mueller, Oppenheimer, 2014<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/gem-report\/en\/technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00fdm pro zpr\u00e1vu o glob\u00e1ln\u00edm monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a Statistick\u00fd \u00fastav UNESCO (2022)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/days\/literacy?hub=701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO, Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti, 2023<\/a><\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V m\u011bs\u00edci, kdy se slav\u00ed Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti, se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na v\u00fdhody vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se \u017e\u00e1ci a studenti v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch kategori\u00ed po cel\u00e9 zemi vrac\u00ed do t\u0159\u00edd a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch s\u00e1l\u016f, zes\u00edlila debata o tom, zda je pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 nebo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed forma. B\u011bhem uplynul\u00e9ho desetilet\u00ed mnoho \u0161kol, st\u0159edn\u00edch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2611,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6088","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti \u2013 Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f se osv\u011bd\u010dilo jako nejlep\u0161\u00ed - Two Sides<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"St\u00e1le v\u00edce studi\u00ed dokazuje, \u017ee ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd text je pro porozum\u011bn\u00ed a zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed si l\u00e1tky vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a mnoho \u0161kol, u\u010ditel\u016f i \u017e\u00e1k\u016f d\u00e1v\u00e1 jasn\u011b najevo...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/twosides.info\/cs\/mezinarodni-den-gramotnosti-vzdelavani-pomoci-tistenych-materialu-se-osvedcilo-jako-nejlepsi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den gramotnosti \u2013 Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f se osv\u011bd\u010dilo jako nejlep\u0161\u00ed - 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